| Issue № 2 |
Original research |
pdf-version |
The effect of Trifluorothalonil on carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): acute and chronic toxicity, and histological changes
| Kaluyzhnaya Olga Dmitrievna | RUDN University, 117198, Москва, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6., kalyuzhnaya.olya@list.ru |
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Keywords: Annons EC trifluralin carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) acute toxicity chronic toxicity herbicides histopathological changes lethal concentrations cumulative effect bioindication |
Summary: The widespread use of herbicides in agriculture leads to their entry into aquatic ecosystems, where they pose a hidden but significant threat to hydrobionts. The aim of the research was to determine toxicometric indicators (lethal and threshold concentrations), study behavioral reactions, and identify structural and functional changes in fish organs and tissues under the influence of sub-lethal doses of the preparation. The article presents the results of experiments on acute (96 h) and chronic (30 days) toxicity of the herbicide Annons EC (active ingredient – trifluralin) to carp yearlings (Cyprinus carpio L.). Lethal concentrations and threshold levels were determined, and histopathological changes in fish organs and tissues were investigated. It was found that with acute exposure, the herbicide exhibits moderate toxicity (LC₅₀ = 26.82 mg/L), whereas with chronic exposure its hazard increases significantly: the threshold concentration decreases by 13 times, and the LC₅₀ – by 3.6 times (to 7.50 mg/L). Histological analysis revealed systemic damage, including toxic liver dystrophy, myocardial damage and circulatory disturbances in the brain and kidneys, starting at a concentration of 0.05 mg/L. The results indicate that trifluralin, even at low concentrations, causes profound pathology changes underlying the disruption of physiological functions and fish mortality. Despite its low bioaccumulation factor (Kм < 1), the substance is highly stable in the environment and can persist in bottom sediments for a long time, posing a constant risk to aquatic ecosystems, especially to fish embryos and juveniles. This study confirms the necessity for strict regulation of trifluralin content in the water of fishery reservoirs and consideration of its cumulative potential in ecotoxicological assessments. © Petrozavodsk State University |
Received on: 28 January 2026 Published on: 26 June 2026 | |
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